A Comparative Study on the Development of Physical Education between Modern Britain and America: Ideological Similarities and Differences 인문,사회과학편 : 근대 영미 체육 발달 배경에 관한 비교 연구: 사상적 유사성과 차이
하남길NamGilHa
45(5) 1-12, 2006
Title
A Comparative Study on the Development of Physical Education between Modern Britain and America: Ideological Similarities and Differences 인문,사회과학편 : 근대 영미 체육 발달 배경에 관한 비교 연구: 사상적 유사성과 차이
하남길NamGilHa
DOI:
Abstract
This study compares and examines the ideological background behind the development processes of physical education in America and Britain. The significant findings are as summarized below. Firstly, The British and American schools display similar characteristics. However, The Britain started as a military drill in high schools and the ideology presented by this was that of military thought, But The United States physical education system was thus developed and the ideological catalyst behind the development was medical and biological thoughts. Secondly, the ideology which had a decisive influence on the road to sport being accepted and encouraged within school curricula was that of Muscular Christianity infused with Athleticism into the society. British Muscular Christianity ideology was bonded with Amateurism, Imperialism, Social Darwinism and Christian Socialism. On the other hand, American muscular Christianity had strong connections with the Play Theory, Evangelism, Americanism and Commercialism.
Key Words
history of British and American physical education, military thought, medical and biological thoughts, Muscular Christianity, Athleticism
A study on Women Sport in Chang-an of Chinese Tang Dynasty 인문,사회과학편 : 당대(唐代) 장안의 여성스포츠에 관하여
신수용SueYongShin
45(5) 13-20, 2006
Title
A study on Women Sport in Chang-an of Chinese Tang Dynasty 인문,사회과학편 : 당대(唐代) 장안의 여성스포츠에 관하여
신수용SueYongShin
DOI:
Abstract
After research of available Chinese material the following observation can be made regarding various sports and the attitudes thereof on the part of women during the Tang dynasty when cultural bloom and renaissance took place. During the period the center of such cultural activities was Chang - An, the capital of Tang dynasty. Thus historical material in both fine arts and sports can be found in the city worth paying attention. During the period in question the sporting events such as Jue-di(角抵), ba-he(拔河), and Ji-qiu(擊毬) were held and enjoyed by the gallery in the royal palace as well as among the populace, while the female population actually participated in sports such as Qiu-qian(韆), Ji-qiu(擊毬), She-jian(射箭), and Wei-qi(圍棋) to their fullest enjoyment. The reason for such an active participation by the women during that period is a reflection of the progressive government policies and their implementation in general, relatively favorable economic conditions, and rather open and liberal social environment. They in turn led to relatively freer activities and pursuit of self development on the part of the female populace which in turn contributed to the cultural blossom during the period in question.
Key Words
women sport, Tang - dynasty
Promotion of Geo Gyeong(居敬) through Somatic Education in Confucian 인문,사회과학편 : 유가에서 신체교육을 통한 거경(居敬)의 함양
It has been derived from the reverence for the body of a human being which is a belief of Confucian in that it is a matter of course to love and treat physical body tenderly, for 'Human body is inherited from parents.' Also, it can be said that Physical Education in Confucian is understood not only as by a concept encompassing education of the physical but also aims to realize education for the whole man. The text spells out that knowing and acting are true learning and practice, and then such a state of cultivation is being called Geo Gyeong, in Korean(居敬 Jujing in Chinese, staying in Jing or staying in respect-for-human body doctrine). Therefore, it can be said that, in Confucian, the purpose of the education for physical body to enhance its performance is to promote Geo Gyeong through Somatic Education rather than through simple Physical Education.
Key Words
confucian, Geo Gyeong, somatic education
Meaning of Nine Ways of Courteous Attitude(九容) in Physical Education appeared in the chapter, Reverencing for the Self(敬身) of Hsiao-hsueh(小學) 인문,사회과학편 : ≪소학(小學)≫의 <경신(敬身)>권에 나타난 구용(九容)의 체육교육적 의미
김이수YiSooKim
45(5) 31-40, 2006
Title
Meaning of Nine Ways of Courteous Attitude(九容) in Physical Education appeared in the chapter, Reverencing for the Self(敬身) of Hsiao-hsueh(小學) 인문,사회과학편 : ≪소학(小學)≫의 <경신(敬身)>권에 나타난 구용(九容)의 체육교육적 의미
김이수YiSooKim
DOI:
Abstract
The chapter, 'Reverence-for-Self'(敬身) of Synthesis of Primary Learning(Hsiao-hsueh: 小學) which is a text of Self-Discipline, especially for younger ages, comprises a method to respect the body of a human being and the way to put it into practice, and it can be said that this term carries a meaning in common with such words as Ji Sin, in Korean(持身) and Yang Sin, in Korean(養身). In the text, the section, Nine Ways of Courteous Attitude(九容: Gu Yong) was written with the purpose of education for humanity through somatic education as the starting point for education of the six physical skills and teaching of propriety. Particularly, by clarifying the contiguous borders(discerning right or wrong) with neighboring factors through Nine Ways of Courteous Attitude(九容: Gu Yong), the teaching of 'Reverence-for-Self' plays a role as a Mental Education making people display behaviors thought to be correct or appropriate. Thus, in the range of the concept of Reverence-for-Self, Nine Ways of Courteous Attitude and Nine Types of Right Thinking contain a meaning of embodied knowing, in that learning will be put into acting through the unity of knowledge and action. The representative example of this case is archery. That is, it tells that an archery can be well performed by means of the 'Unity of Mind and Body.'
Key Words
Hsiao-Hsueh, reverencing for the self, nine ways of courteous attitude
Physical Education Koung-fu as character development 인문,사회과학편 : 인격형성으로서 체육공부
이학준HakJunLee
45(5) 41-47, 2006
Title
Physical Education Koung-fu as character development 인문,사회과학편 : 인격형성으로서 체육공부
이학준HakJunLee
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was inquiry object and method of physical education koung-fu as character development. I don't know what is Koung-fu of physical education? I have been this problem from quite long before. This problem is the purpose of this study. In order to inquiry this problem, I think two problem of physical education koung-fu. That is object and method of physical education koung-fu. So that, I seek to body and mind as object as of physical education koung-fu. According to philosophers of East. Body and Mind is one thing only not two thing. therefor physical education koung-fu is not only body koung-fu but also mind koung-fu. The method of physical education Koung-fu is Existence subjection, Social characteristic cultivation, and Education for the whole man as integrated education of knowledge, character and body. Such as this study, We need to physical education koung-fu as an way of Resistance and strenuous efforts about new liberalism. For this purpose, I inquiry physical education Koung-fu as an way of character perfection. Therefor, We should effort for character perfection through physical education.
Key Words
physical education study, character perfection, subjection, social character cultivation
Meaning of the beauty of body in the Bible 인문,사회과학편 : 성서에 나타난 신체미의 의미
차건수GeonSuCha
45(5) 49-59, 2006
Title
Meaning of the beauty of body in the Bible 인문,사회과학편 : 성서에 나타난 신체미의 의미
차건수GeonSuCha
DOI:
Abstract
This thesis is to investigate the beauty of ‘Body' in the Holy Bible. The beauty of ,‘Body' presented in the Holy Bible is inner beauty as well as outer beauty: to do good to others, to find happiness and pleasure in moral life, and to be a human being who has good relationships with other human beings, nature and God.. Therefore, The true beauty of a human body is felt through the whole relationship with other human beings, nature and God, while the third people enjoy the inner satisfaction by seeing the human body. The Creator has given the ability of ‘Vision', so men can experience the wonder of ‘Vision' with the intuitive ability. The clear recognition of ‘'Being alive', that is, the fundamental recognition of "Me” help men with the beauty of a human being present himself with poems, music, sports and all kinds of arts, which leads to a beautiful and enjoyable life. ‘Being alive', ‘a human being itself' is a man of beauty.
Key Words
the beauty of body, inner beauty, outer beauty, vision
The Relationship between Urban Workers` Leisure Flow Experience and Leisure Satisfaction 인문,사회과학편 : 도시 근로자들의 여가 몰입과 여가 만족의 관계
김지영JeeYoungKim , 이철원ChulWonLee , 한우진WooJinHan
45(5) 61-71, 2006
Title
The Relationship between Urban Workers` Leisure Flow Experience and Leisure Satisfaction 인문,사회과학편 : 도시 근로자들의 여가 몰입과 여가 만족의 관계
김지영JeeYoungKim , 이철원ChulWonLee , 한우진WooJinHan
DOI:
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to identify the important variables which impact in urban workers' leisure life, especially on components of leisure flow experience and leisure satisfaction. Total of 700 men and women urban workers were surveyed from Seoul, of which 604 were qualified for the study. Factor analysis, reliability analysis, frequency analysis, and multiple regression analysis were carried in accordance with the purpose of the study by using Windows SPSS 12.0 Version. The results showed that there was significant influence between leisure flow experience and leisure satisfaction. It appeared that autotelic experience affected physical satisfaction. Autotelic experience, loss of self-consciousness, sense of control affected resting satisfaction. Autotelic experience, loss of self-consciousness, transformation of time affected social satisfaction. Autotelic experience, sense of control affected environmental satisfaction. Clear goals, challenge-skill balance, autotelic experience, sense of control affected psychological satisfaction.
Key Words
flow, satisfaction
The Effects of Psychological Skills Training on Professional Golfer`s Psychological Skills and Performance 인문,사회과학편 : 프로 골퍼의 심리기술훈련 효과에 관한 단일사례연구
윤대현DaeHyunYun , 이용인YongInLee
45(5) 73-89, 2006
Title
The Effects of Psychological Skills Training on Professional Golfer`s Psychological Skills and Performance 인문,사회과학편 : 프로 골퍼의 심리기술훈련 효과에 관한 단일사례연구
윤대현DaeHyunYun , 이용인YongInLee
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was two-fold; (a) to identify the program and protocol of psychological skills training to operate psychological skills training program for golfers; (b) to test the effects of psychological skills training program on psychological skills and performance. For the purpose of this study, the program of psychological skills training included psychological characteristics of subject and was operated by personal needs. A single subject design and multiple baseline across behavior were used to know the effects of psychological skills training program on improvement of golf skills. The following results were identified for exploration in this study: First, Anxiety, self-challenge, imagery control, self-confidence, attentional focus, and arousal control were showed progressively improvement with introduction of the psychological skills training. Secondly, This study also reported that prize money rank, scoring average, putting average, par save percentage, and greens in regulation percentage were improved progressively in his game as measured by comparison of pre- and during-training period.
Key Words
psychological skills training, single subject design, golf
The Influence of Fascination of the Mixed Martial Arts Program through Mass Media on the Aggression and Attitude toward Violence in Adolescents 인문,사회과학편 : 매스미디어를 통한 이종격투기 프로그램 시청 심취도가 청소년의 공격성과 폭력태도에 미치는 영향
김인형InHyungKim
45(5) 91-101, 2006
Title
The Influence of Fascination of the Mixed Martial Arts Program through Mass Media on the Aggression and Attitude toward Violence in Adolescents 인문,사회과학편 : 매스미디어를 통한 이종격투기 프로그램 시청 심취도가 청소년의 공격성과 폭력태도에 미치는 영향
김인형InHyungKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate how related fascination of program, aggression, and attitude toward violence in Adolescents who watching through mass media the mixed martial arts are. Study participants were 258 high school students who watched the mixed martial arts program over 1 time per week. Cronbach's α and exploratory factor analysis were conducted to inspect the reliability and the validity of the questions. The correlation analysis was conducted to inspect the causal relationship. The path analysis was used to examine the suitability of the path model and to presume relative influence between variables and the following is the result. First, the fascination of the Mixed Martial Arts Program had a direct and indirect influence on aggression in adolescents. Second, the fascination of the Mixed Martial Arts Program had a direct and indirect influence on the attitude toward violence in adolescents. Third, the physical and linguistic aggression had direct and indirect influences on the attitude toward violence.
Key Words
the mixed martial art, fascination, aggression, violence attitude
The Effect of the Cognitive and Emotional reliance on the Team Commitment and Unity for the Partner of Dance Sport Expert 인문,사회과학편 : 댄스스포츠 선수들의 파트너 신뢰가 팀 몰입 및 결속력에 미치는 영향
문진화JinHwaMoon , 이근모KeunMoLee , 오세복SeBokOh
45(5) 103-111, 2006
Title
The Effect of the Cognitive and Emotional reliance on the Team Commitment and Unity for the Partner of Dance Sport Expert 인문,사회과학편 : 댄스스포츠 선수들의 파트너 신뢰가 팀 몰입 및 결속력에 미치는 영향
문진화JinHwaMoon , 이근모KeunMoLee , 오세복SeBokOh
DOI:
Abstract
A partner in dance sport is the most important factor in improving the performance and satisfaction. Therefore, this study is to provide source material for the research on forming the complementary relationship between dance sport partners by looking into the effect of partner reliance on the team commitment and unity. It also provided the basic information to make effectively the reciprocal relationship for dance sport exert. The data was collected from 316 dance sport experts who were more than 16 age participating in the national championship of dance sport. SPSS ver 12.0 program was used for analyzing data. In order to investigate the validity and trust of data Exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's α were calculated. Regression analysis was used to explain the relationship among reliance, team commitment and unity. The conclusions were as follows: The reliance of partner had an effect on team commitment and unity. Team community also influenced team unity.
Key Words
dance sport, cognitive reliance, emotional reliance, team commitment, unity for the partner
The Relationships among Participation Motivation, Flow Experience and Self-fulfillment of Water Skiing Participants with Visual Disability 인문,사회과학편 : 수상스키 참가 시각장애인의 참가동기와 몰입경험 및 자아성취감의 관계
구교만KyoManKoo
45(5) 113-121, 2006
Title
The Relationships among Participation Motivation, Flow Experience and Self-fulfillment of Water Skiing Participants with Visual Disability 인문,사회과학편 : 수상스키 참가 시각장애인의 참가동기와 몰입경험 및 자아성취감의 관계
구교만KyoManKoo
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships among participation motivation, flow experience, and self-fulfillment of visual disability in water skiing participants. For accomplishing these purposes, the 130 people were selected using purposive sampling. The data for the study were collected through the survey questionnaires. The analyses of the data are through path-analysis and standard multiple regression analysis. The conclusions of the study were obtained as follows; First, of participation motivations of visual disability in water skiing participants, intrinsic motivation influences on both perceived-flow and Act-flow and extrinsic motivation influences on perceived-flow. Second, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation influence on self-fulfillment development, object-fulfillment, and ability-display. In addition, a motivation influences on ability-development and object-fulfillment. Third, perceived-flow and act-flow influence on ability-development, object-fulfillment and ability-display. Fourth, there are direct and indirect causal relationship between participation motivations and self-fulfillment of visual disability in Water Skiing Participants mediated by Flow-experience.
Key Words
visual disability, water skiing participants, participation motivation, flow experience, self-fulfillment
The effect of the Rope-skpping Exercise Motiviaton-reinforcing Program based Transtheoretical Model for Obesity Middle school boys 인문,사회과학편 : 비만 중학생의 체육수업 소외 극복을 위한 줄넘기 운동 동기 강화 프로그램의 효과
김종환JongHwanKim
45(5) 123-137, 2006
Title
The effect of the Rope-skpping Exercise Motiviaton-reinforcing Program based Transtheoretical Model for Obesity Middle school boys 인문,사회과학편 : 비만 중학생의 체육수업 소외 극복을 위한 줄넘기 운동 동기 강화 프로그램의 효과
김종환JongHwanKim
DOI:
Abstract
This study aims at confirming exercise effects on physical education attitude, self-efficacy, decisional component by stage based exercise motivation-reinforcing program , body weight, BMI, for the obesity adolescents. The results were as follows; 1) Physical Education Attitude of the experimental group was significantly increased the control group. 2) the self efficacy of the experimental group was significantly increased than the control group, 3)Pros process of Change for exercise of the experimental group was increased and Cons process was decreased than the control group. 4) physical facter as body weight, Body Mass Index(BMI) of the experimental group was significantly decreased than the control group. The above result have informed us the a stage-based exercise motivation-reinforcing program for obesity middle school boys has the effect of decreasing body fat, Cons process of change for exercise, increasing self-efficacy, Pros process, Physical Education Attitude and has value as an effective program for school spot.
A Case study of Bowling club activity continuance - A Social Exchange Theory Approach 인문,사회과학편 : 볼링동호인의 동호회 활동 지속에 관한 사례연구 - 사회교환이론 관점에서
박창범ChangBeomPark
45(5) 139-148, 2006
Title
A Case study of Bowling club activity continuance - A Social Exchange Theory Approach 인문,사회과학편 : 볼링동호인의 동호회 활동 지속에 관한 사례연구 - 사회교환이론 관점에서
박창범ChangBeomPark
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was describing and analysing various phenomena on the resource exchange which was performed in the social network of Bowling club among activating sports' club in the present, cultural skill was studied focusing on the Bowling club members' daily lives. To examine it 10 members of the STRIKE club were chosen as the research informants and materials had been collected through participant observation, in-depth interview and video recording the researcher participating as a member in it. Collected materials were analysed through domain analysis and taxonomic analysis. The summarizing results through this process are as follows. The resources exchanged in the club members' social network were instrumental resource, emotional resource and material resource. The types of club activity continuance were unilateral relation, bilateral relation and non-exchange relation.
Key Words
club activity continuance, social exchange, social network
The Relationship of Achievement Goal Orientation and Intrinsic Motivation and Fun Factors in Physical Education of High School Female Student 인문,사회과학편 : 성취목표지향에 따른 여고생의 체육수업재미와 내적 동기
정봉해BongHeaChung
45(5) 149-159, 2006
Title
The Relationship of Achievement Goal Orientation and Intrinsic Motivation and Fun Factors in Physical Education of High School Female Student 인문,사회과학편 : 성취목표지향에 따른 여고생의 체육수업재미와 내적 동기
정봉해BongHeaChung
DOI:
Abstract
This study attempted to find a conceptual link between achievement goal orientation, intrinsic motivation and fun factors in physical education classes of secondary school girls. For the study, 289 girls responded to the measurement of their goal orientation, motivation and fun factors in PE classes after 15 weeks of basketball and volleyball lessons. The regression and correlation analyses revealed significant positive relationships between task-orientation and enjoyment-effort. Ego-oriented girls, however, reported strong competence and tension in PE. The various results from different achievement goals showed high task and ego-oriented girls have positive relationships between intrinsic motivation and fun factors in PE. Task orientation was also a predictable factor of effort-enjoyment that affects the enhancement of students' fitness, satisfaction, and social skills in PE classes.
Key Words
achievement goal orientation, intrinsic motivation, fun factors of PE
Validation of Korean Youth Physical Activity Questionnaire (KYPAQ) 인문,사회과학편 : 한국청소년 신체활동 설문지 (KYPAQ)의 타당도
Investigating the level of physical activity is required to provide fundamental information to establish the Health plan as well as Health policy in future. Physical activity questionnaire has been widely used to evaluate habitual activity for large adult population. However, physical activity questionnaire for Korean adolescent, which proves its validity and reliability has not been developed. Therefore, to develop a valid and reliable physical activity questionnaire for Korean youth, this study developed Korean Youth Physical Activity Questionnaire (KYPAQ) and examined its criterion validity and test-retest reliability. Actical (accelerometer) was applied for one week and KYPAQ was surveyed to 108 middle or high school students (age Mean±SD 14.8±1.3). Spearman's correlation and Kappa statistics were conducted to see the criterion validity and reliability, respectively. The average Spearman's rho for validity was 0.32 and 0.4 for reliability. Kappa statistics provide fair reliability, which indicated its overall fair validity and reliability. Therefore, the validity and reliability of KYPAQ were confirmed.
Key Words
validity, reliability, questionnaire for youth
Dance Therapy on the Change of Emotional Development in Children with Down Syndrome 인문,사회과학편 : 무용요법에 따른 다운증후군 아동의 정서발달 변화
임인선InSunLim
45(5) 175-186, 2006
Title
Dance Therapy on the Change of Emotional Development in Children with Down Syndrome 인문,사회과학편 : 무용요법에 따른 다운증후군 아동의 정서발달 변화
임인선InSunLim
DOI:
Abstract
By applying dance therapy programs to the children with Down syndrome for 8 weeks and investigating the effect of the programs, the clinical value of the dance therapy and the knowledge bases for it would be built and examined. To evaluate the effect of dance therapy for 8 weeks on emotional development of children with Down syndrome, the following study was performed. The experimental group were 11 children with Down syndrome participating physical training class for disabled people held by S university graduate school after getting consent from their parents. Before treatment in all study subjects, the baseline emotional development was examined by House-Tree-Person(HTP)test. The variables of HTP test were pictures of house, tree and person. During 8 weeks study period, the dance therapy program was applied to the experimental group three times in a week. After 4 weeks treatment and at the time of completion, the HTP test was also done as the same manner of baseline evaluation. Analysis of their emotional development by HTP test revealed. The house, tree and person variables were gradually improved in proportion to the sessions of dance therapy program. In conclusion, it is suggested that dance therapy could improve emotional development in children with Down syndrome. Moreover, this might induce proper mental and psychological development in these handicapped children.
Key Words
dance therapy, Down syndrome, emotion
The Study on Sport for All Participation, Perceived Health Status and Self-Esteem of the Elderly 인문,사회과학편 : 노인의 생활체육 참가와 건강평가 및 자아존중감에 관한 연구
김양례YangReaKim
45(5) 187-197, 2006
Title
The Study on Sport for All Participation, Perceived Health Status and Self-Esteem of the Elderly 인문,사회과학편 : 노인의 생활체육 참가와 건강평가 및 자아존중감에 관한 연구
김양례YangReaKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among sport for all participation, perceived health status and self-esteem of the elderly, and to provide informations to establish the promotion policy of the sports for all of the elderly. For this, we set up the population as the elderly over 65 at Seoul as of 2004, and had experienced to use the leisure and welfare facilities for the elderly. After considering the substantiality and sincerity of the answers, 630 subjects were finally selected after testing the validity and reliability. Using ANCOVA, multiple regression analysis and path analysis, we could get the following results. Firstly, the participants at the sport for all of elderly showed higher level of perceived health status than non-participants. However, only participating period influenced on perceived health status significantly. Secondly, the participants showed higher level of self-esteem than non-participants. Thirdly, only the participation period influenced positively on the level of the perceived health status, and perceived health status again influenced positively on the self-esteem of the elderly.
Key Words
sport for all participation, perceived health status, self-esteem
The Effect of Physical Self-Perception to Body-Esteem and Self-Esteem of College Dancers 인문,사회과학편 : 무용전공 대학생들의 신체적 자기지각이 신체 및 자기존중감에 미치는 영향
고주혜JuHyeKo , 김승재SeungJaeKim
45(5) 199-210, 2006
Title
The Effect of Physical Self-Perception to Body-Esteem and Self-Esteem of College Dancers 인문,사회과학편 : 무용전공 대학생들의 신체적 자기지각이 신체 및 자기존중감에 미치는 영향
고주혜JuHyeKo , 김승재SeungJaeKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyzed physical self-perception, body-esteem, and self-esteem in college dancers. 432 female college dancers complete the Physical Self-Perception Profile(PSPP), the Body-Esteem Inventory, and the Self-Esteem Inventory. The results of one-way ANOVA indicated that Korean dancers exhibited more higher dance perceived competence, self-worth, self-esteem than Ballet dancers. The results correlation analysis indicated that body esteem and self esteem showed significantly correlation self-worth. The result regression analysis indicated that the Ballet dancers influenced body attractiveness and physical self-worth in PSPP. The PSPP significantly influenced physical self-worth in Modern dancers. The PSPP significantly influenced body attractiveness, strength, and physical self-worth in Korean dancers. The result regression analysis indicated that the Ballet dancers and Modern dancers influenced physical self-worth in PSPP. The PSPP significantly influenced physical condition, strength, and physical self-worth in Korean dancers.
Key Words
college dancer, physical self-perception, body-esteem, self-esteem
A Research on the Education Experience of "Sport-for-All" Leaders and Directions for Improvement of Their Education 인문,사회과학편 : 사회체육지도자의 교육 경험과 전문능력 신장을 위한 교육 방향 탐색
안혜임HyeImAhn , 김경숙KyungSookKim
45(5) 211-226, 2006
Title
A Research on the Education Experience of "Sport-for-All" Leaders and Directions for Improvement of Their Education 인문,사회과학편 : 사회체육지도자의 교육 경험과 전문능력 신장을 위한 교육 방향 탐색
안혜임HyeImAhn , 김경숙KyungSookKim
DOI:
Abstract
This study intends to examine the educational experience of "sport-for-all" leaders as required in the field of their activities and propose possible directions to improve their education. To this end, this study cataloged factors of professional competence required of sport-for-all leaders in the field of sport and leisure for all. Drawing on the sport-for-all leaders' educational experience, it also explored ways to make their pre-service and in-service education more effective and systemized to help improve their professional competence. For the purpose of achieving the objectives of the study, this author selected 20 sport-for-all leaders who are active in the field of sport and leisure for the participation in this study. This study was further supported by documentary research, in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and collected data and information. The result of this study can be summarized as follows: First, there are discrepancies between theories that sport-for-all leaders learn at college and practices in the field. Second, the improvement should be made with fundamental measures in a long-term perspective. This study explored ways to improve education of sport-for-all leaders focusing on the field with a view to presenting fundamental measures in a long-term perspective.
Key Words
educational experience, sport-for-all Leaders, pre-service education, in-service education, professional competence
The SEM Analysis of the Factors which influence Students`s Satisfaction through Participation of Ski Class in University: Focusing on the Expectancy-Disconfirmation Model 인문,사회과학편 : 대학 스키수업 만족에 영향을 미치는 결정요인의 구조방정식모형 분석: 기대-불일치 모형을 바탕으로
김홍설HongSeolKim , 김명준MyoungJoonKim
45(5) 227-238, 2006
Title
The SEM Analysis of the Factors which influence Students`s Satisfaction through Participation of Ski Class in University: Focusing on the Expectancy-Disconfirmation Model 인문,사회과학편 : 대학 스키수업 만족에 영향을 미치는 결정요인의 구조방정식모형 분석: 기대-불일치 모형을 바탕으로
김홍설HongSeolKim , 김명준MyoungJoonKim
DOI:
Abstract
This study was to analyze of the factors which influence students' satisfaction through participation of ski class in university. In detail, using the expectancy-disconfirmation model, the study examined how expectancy influences perceived performance and expectancy disconfirmation and also, perceived performance and expectancy disconfirmation affect student's satisfaction. The subject who answered to given questionaire was 338 persons. To analyze materials, reliability analysis, factor analysis, SEM were used as statistic analysis techniques. On the basis of the results, the conclusions were as follows; Firstly, there was significants influence between expectancy and perceived performance. Secondly, there was significants influence between perceived performance and disconfirmation. Thirdly, there was not significants influence between the perceived performance and students's satisfaction. Lastly, there was significants influence between disconfirmation and students's satisfaction.
Key Words
expectancy, perceived performance, disconfirmation, expectancy-disconfirmation model
The study of occupational aspiration of secondary physical education teachers 인문,사회과학편 : 중등 체육교사의 직업적 열망에 관한 연구
조홍식HongSikCho
45(5) 239-252, 2006
Title
The study of occupational aspiration of secondary physical education teachers 인문,사회과학편 : 중등 체육교사의 직업적 열망에 관한 연구
조홍식HongSikCho
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore what the sincere aspiration revealed in the teaching profession of secondary physical education teachers, what ware the factors impeding such occupational aspiration and how the physical education teachers were responding and going through with it. To achieve this goal, the study selected 8 incumbent secondary physical education teachers, applied qualitative case study method to them. First, secondary physical education teachers are pursuing their occupational aspiration in, through and out of the teaching profession, interacting with their occupational outward visibility under the presumption of internal faithfulness in a form of co-existence. Second, huge factors impeding physical education teachers occupational aspiration were yoke of hold, re-adjustment through adaptation and assimilation, law of inertia in society of teachers, due to such burden and limitedness which they have to resolve in the reality. Third teachers try to put their effort on searching for internal compensation and significance in the occupational life. As well, they have prepared for another start as through the process of a change of mind and new line.
Key Words
occupational aspiration, Life professional, physical education teachers
A Study of the Influence of the Career Maturity of the Students of the Department of Taekwondo on the Satisfaction with the Specially Lessons 인문,사회과학편 : 태권도학과 학생들의 진로의식성숙도가 전공수업만족에 미치는 영향
A Study of the Influence of the Career Maturity of the Students of the Department of Taekwondo on the Satisfaction with the Specially Lessons 인문,사회과학편 : 태권도학과 학생들의 진로의식성숙도가 전공수업만족에 미치는 영향
This study aims to examine the degree of satisfaction with the lessons in the specialties on the basis of the career maturity of the students of the department of Taekwondo, to examine the points at issue of the lessons of the specialties of the present department of Taekwondo, and to produce specialized coaches and provide the foundation of propagating Taekwondo by establishing theoretical systems and the concrete and systematic lessons. SPSS Window 11.5 has been used in order to test the purposes and hypotheses of this study, and the statistical techniques used for this study are frequency analysis, T-test, One-way ANOVA and regression analysis. It can be concluded that the students now attending the departments of Taekwondo have high satisfaction with the facilities of the Taekwondo drill halls of the colleges, and it can be asserted that the higher the career awareness seeking the identity and career direction, the more it can contribute to the establishment of the concrete aims and plans for the future.
Key Words
career maturity, Taekwondo, satisfaction, specialty Lessons
Issues of Taekwondo Department and Proposed Improvement Plans 인문,사회과학편 : 태권도학과의 문제점 고찰과 개선방안
손성도SeongDoSon
45(5) 263-272, 2006
Title
Issues of Taekwondo Department and Proposed Improvement Plans 인문,사회과학편 : 태권도학과의 문제점 고찰과 개선방안
손성도SeongDoSon
DOI:
Abstract
This study aims to explore the issues of Taekwondo Department and a plan to improve it. To achieve research objective, a purposive sampling, one of qualitative research methods, was used to select research participants, and for final research data, the total number of 9 seniors of and those who graduated from Taekwondo Department in the last 2 years were selected. The findings are as follows. First, regarding the problems and the issues related to Taekwondo Department, inappropriateness of departmental curriculum, a dissociation from field education, reliability and validity of course materials, a shortage of appropriate faculty members, and post-graduate career issues were discussed. Second, for improvement plans, return to martialness, the pursuit of the characterization of educational courses, securing a sufficient number of appropriate faculty members, the pursuit to develop a systematic Taekwondo academia, and the invigoration of the Association of Taekwondo Studies were selected.
Key Words
Taekwondo, Taekwondo department, improvement plans, department curriculum, martial art
The Perception of General Physical Teachers toward the Goals of Adapted Physical Education 인문,사회과학편 : 일반학교 중등체육교사의 특수체육 목표인식 연구
양한나HanNahYang
45(5) 273-280, 2006
Title
The Perception of General Physical Teachers toward the Goals of Adapted Physical Education 인문,사회과학편 : 일반학교 중등체육교사의 특수체육 목표인식 연구
양한나HanNahYang
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to determinate general physical teachers' perception of a goal of adapted physical education. The participants of this research were 106 teachers who were teaching physical education in general school in Seoul and Kyunggi-do. This research verified the difference in priority of ten goals of adapted physical education and perception of each goal according to four variables. Statistical methods employed in this research were mean rank, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test, Mann-Whitney Test, and Kruskal-Wallis Test. The results of this research were as follows: First, general physical teachers consider positive self-concept as the most important goal of adapted physical education. Second, the teachers with less career lay more stress on positive self-concept than those with more career. Finally, the teachers with an attendance experience of course regarding special education or adapted physical education at college put more importance on positive self-concept than those without an attendance experience of course.
Key Words
adapted physical education, perception of a goal
The Influences of Attitude toward the Web Site of Professional Soccer League on the Effects of Internet Advertising 인문,사회과학편 : 프로축구연맹 웹사이트에 대한 태도가 인터넷 광고효과에 미치는 영향
김용만YongManKim , 강용주YongJooKang
45(5) 281-289, 2006
Title
The Influences of Attitude toward the Web Site of Professional Soccer League on the Effects of Internet Advertising 인문,사회과학편 : 프로축구연맹 웹사이트에 대한 태도가 인터넷 광고효과에 미치는 영향
김용만YongManKim , 강용주YongJooKang
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of attitude toward the web-site of professional soccer league on the effects of internet advertising. Among netizen, university students were sampled for this research. The total number of 320 students at A university was sampled. The measurement was Web-questionnaire, and the questionnaire was filled out with self-administrated method. The data was processed through SPSSWIN Ver. 12.0K. The results are as follows: First, the attitude toward the web-site of professional soccer league and advertising effects differed according to the level of involvement in the professional soccer games. Second, statistically the attitude toward the web-site of professional soccer league had a significant impact on attitude toward the advertising. Third, statistically the attitude toward the web-site of professional soccer league had a significant impact on the attitude toward the brand. Forth, statistically the attitude toward the web-site of professional soccer league had a significant impact on the purchase intention.
Key Words
attitude toward the web-site of professional soccer, advertising effects, attitude toward the advertising, attitude toward the brand, purchase intentions, involvement of web-site
The Performance related to the Customer on the success Factor of Knowledge Management of the Sport Industrial Organizations 인문,사회과학편 : 스포츠산업 조직의 지식경영 성공요인에 따른 고객관련 경영성과
이대연DaeYounLee
45(5) 291-300, 2006
Title
The Performance related to the Customer on the success Factor of Knowledge Management of the Sport Industrial Organizations 인문,사회과학편 : 스포츠산업 조직의 지식경영 성공요인에 따른 고객관련 경영성과
이대연DaeYounLee
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to the performance related to the customer on the success factor of knowledge management of the sport industrial organizations. For the purpose of the survey research, the business enterprises related to the sport industry located in the Metropolitan area were selected according to the given criterion of classification. 300 employees working in each business enterprise were sampled in the stratified random sampling method. Validity was secured by conducting exploratory factor analysis in framing the questionnaire, and reliability was tested by computing the coefficient of Cronbach's α. Accordingly, 298 of the 300 questionnaires distributed to the respondents were returned and of them, 287 questionnaires were processed on the computers using the statistical program of SPSS 12.0. This study conducted regression analysis as the analytical technique. Through this process, the following conclusion was reached: It was found that the volitional factor of the chief executive officer(CEO), the factor of appraisal, the factor of the organizational culture, the factor of the knowledge management system, the factor of the organizational structure had a positive effect on the business performance of the sport industrial organizations.
Key Words
sport industrial organizations, knowledge management, sport management
The relationship Fitness Club of service quality and service value, customer satisfaction and customer Loyalty 인문,사회과학편 : 휘트니스클럽 서비스품질과 서비스가치, 고객만족 및 고객충성도의 관계
박재환JaeHwanPark
45(5) 301-311, 2006
Title
The relationship Fitness Club of service quality and service value, customer satisfaction and customer Loyalty 인문,사회과학편 : 휘트니스클럽 서비스품질과 서비스가치, 고객만족 및 고객충성도의 관계
박재환JaeHwanPark
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to examine the causal relationship Fitness Club of service quality, service value, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. This research was conducted that Fitness Club member in the metropolitan area and locality small towns. total 700 copies of survey questionnaires were distributed, and 574 copies were used as materials for analysis. The data were processed by utilizing SPSSWIN version 13.0 and it was examined frequency analysis, factor analysis, and reliability T-test, ANOVA, regression analysis. According to the result, regression analysis of influence of factors obtained by factor analysis on degree of service quality of service value was showing explanation-ability of 13.2% and service quality of customer satisfaction was showing explanation-ability of 11.3%. Also The result of regression analysis of influence of factors obtained by factor analysis on degree of service value of customer satisfaction was showing explanation-ability of 58.4% and customer satisfaction of customer loyalty was showing explanation-ability of 44.4%. Finally The result of regression analysis of influence by factor analysis on degree of service value of customer loyaltywas showing explanation-ability of 45.7%.
Key Words
fitness club service quality, service value, customer satisfaction, customer Loyalty
Effect of Exercise Training on Insulin Secretion with Hyperglycemic Clamp in Trained Rats 자연과학편 : 훈련된 흰쥐의 고혈당 클램프 기법 적용을 통한 인슐린 분비의 변화분석
류승필SungPilRyu , 이수천SooChunLee , 장응찬EungChanJang
45(5) 313-319, 2006
Title
Effect of Exercise Training on Insulin Secretion with Hyperglycemic Clamp in Trained Rats 자연과학편 : 훈련된 흰쥐의 고혈당 클램프 기법 적용을 통한 인슐린 분비의 변화분석
류승필SungPilRyu , 이수천SooChunLee , 장응찬EungChanJang
DOI:
Abstract
Prolonged exercise training has decreased hyperglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, which possibly explained with increased insulin sensitivity and suppressed glucose production in liver. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise training reduces insulin secretion. The rats were carried out in the state of overnight fast and discontinued exercise training for 48 h before the operation, for which maintained blood glucose at 11 mM/L levels. Body weight was not different between groups, however, basal insulin, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels were significantly decreased in training group (p<.05). Glucose infusion rate and glucose concentrations by timings were not significant between groups. However, insulin concentrations were significantly lower at 0, 5, and 90 min of infusion in training group (p<.05). These results suggested that insulin secretion was not depend on the decreasing of glucose concentration but insulin secretion and action were acting independently by exercise training.
Key Words
hyperglycemic clamp, insulin secretion, exercise, rat
Effects of Fitness on Swimming and Aquatic Exercise of in the young older women 자연과학편 : 수영과 수중운동이 초기 고령자 여성의 체력에 미치는 영향
This study was to investigate the effect of swimming and aquatic exercise on fitness in the young older women. In this paper, subjects were surveyed 16 the young older women from B district in Busan, subjects were classified into swimming and aquatic group consisted of 8 members respectively. Exercise was operated for 40-50 minutes ,3 times a week for 8 weeks. The difference of within and between in two groups was analyzed paired t-test and t-test, significant level was set α=.05. After exercise, swimming and aquatic group had increased of chair stand and arm curl, but chair sit-and-reach was increased by aquatic group and 6-minute walk was increased by swimming . swimming was superior to aquatic group for 6-minute walk. Results were follow that swimming had increased upper and, lower strength and cardiorespiratory endurance. Aquatic group had increased upper and lower strength, and flexibility. Swimming was superior to aquatic group in cardiorespiratory endurance.
Key Words
Swimming, aquatic exercise, fitness
Effect of dynamic system-related exercise program on dynamic balance in the elderly women with different sensory Level 자연과학편 : Dynamic system의 운동프로그램이 다른 감각수준의 여성 노인 동적 평형성에 미치는 영향
김현주HyeonJuKim , 최종환JongHwanChoi
45(5) 329-337, 2006
Title
Effect of dynamic system-related exercise program on dynamic balance in the elderly women with different sensory Level 자연과학편 : Dynamic system의 운동프로그램이 다른 감각수준의 여성 노인 동적 평형성에 미치는 영향
김현주HyeonJuKim , 최종환JongHwanChoi
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dynamic system theory-related exercise program on dynamic balance in the elderly with different sensory level. The subjects were old women 32(67.72±2.89 yrs) who were all volunteered. There were 4 groups: A group(n=8, 67.50±2.14 yrs) with higher sense and DSE(dynamic system's exercise) program, B group(n=8, 67.75±3.49 yrs) with higher sense and GE(general exercise) program, C group(n=8, 68.00±3.02 yrs) with lower sense and DSE program, and D group(n=8, 67.63±3.29 yrs) with lower sense and GE program. The subjects were tested on dynamic balance before and after 12 weeks program. For data analysis, mean and standard deviation scores were calculated, and ANCOVA, and Bonferroni test were used. After 2 different exercise programs for 12 weeks, dynamic balance was improved in all subjects of DSE program groups, and regardless of sense levels, DSE program groups were better than GE program groups on dynamic balance. Therefore, this study may suggest that DSE program improves dynamic balance in the elderly, and further becomes an effective way that prevents from falling.
Key Words
dynamic system-related exercise, dynamic balance, the elderly women, sensory Level
Effects of Swiss Ball Exercise on Functional Fitness and Body Sway in Female Elderly Nursing Home Residents 자연과학편 : Swiss ball 운동이 양로원 여성 고령자의 활동체력 및 자세동요에 미치는 영향
강주성JooSeongKang , 양점홍JumHongYang
45(5) 339-348, 2006
Title
Effects of Swiss Ball Exercise on Functional Fitness and Body Sway in Female Elderly Nursing Home Residents 자연과학편 : Swiss ball 운동이 양로원 여성 고령자의 활동체력 및 자세동요에 미치는 영향
강주성JooSeongKang , 양점홍JumHongYang
DOI:
Abstract
This study was on the functional fitness and body sway with 24 elderly females (exercise group : n=12, control group : n=12) of nursing home in B metropolitan city who have been engaged in a 35～40-minute, RPE 11~13 with Swiss ball exercise program twice every a for 10 weeks. The results of the analysis of functional fitness and body sway were as follows : The exercise group had an improvement in chair stand, 2 ㎏ dumbbell curl, chair sit-and-reach, back scratch, 2.45 m up-and-go, and the 6-minute walk after the exercise program. The exercise group showed different results in all fitness items as compared with the control group. The exercise group experienced a reduction in mean balance, sway number and sway area. The comparative analysis between both groups in all body sway items showed different results. This implied that an improvement in functional fitness through exercise contributed to a reduction in a fall-related body sway. This results may not be applied to all seniors, but the Swiss ball exercise, for the prevention of fall and functional fitness promotion for elderly females in of nursing homes, was believed to have a positive impact on the enhancement of the quality of life.
Key Words
Swiss ball exercise, functional fitness, body sway, elderly people
Effects of treadmill exercise on the c-Fos expression in the hippocampus of rat pups born from the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats 자연과학편 : 트레드밀 운동이 당뇨 흰쥐에서 태어난 새끼 쥐의 해마 c-Fos 발현에 미치는 영향
Effects of treadmill exercise on the c-Fos expression in the hippocampus of rat pups born from the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats 자연과학편 : 트레드밀 운동이 당뇨 흰쥐에서 태어난 새끼 쥐의 해마 c-Fos 발현에 미치는 영향
Diabetes mellitus during pregnancy exerts a detrimental effects on the development of the fetus and its central nervous system. However, little is known about the effect of maternal diabetes on hippocampal c-Fos expression. In the present study, the influence of postnatal treadmill exercise on hippocampal c-Fos expression in the rat pups born from the maternal rats with streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetes was investigated. Pregnant rats were divided into two groups: the control group and the STZ-injection group. Rat pups were divided into four groups: the control group, the control with postnatal exercise group, the STZ-injection group, and the STZ-injection with postnatal exercise group. Treadmill exercise was started on the 28th day after birth for 2 weeks. The rat pups born from the maternal rats with diabetes showed decreased c-Fos expression in the hippocampus, whereas postnatal treadmill exercise increased c-Fos expression in the rat pups born from the maternal rats with diabetes. Based on the present results, it can be suggested that postnatal treadmill exercise may be useful in the treatment of neurodevelopmental problems in children born from the mothers who have experienced diabetes during pregnancy.
Key Words
maternal diabetes, rat pup, treadmill running, c-Fos expression, hippocampus
The Effects of Muscle Resistance Exercise on Body Composition, IGF-1 and Myostatin 자연과학편 : 근저항 운동이 신체조성 및 IGF-1과 Myostatin에 미치는 영향
이윤서YunSeoLee , 강성훈SungHwunKang , 이성수SungSooLee
45(5) 359-368, 2006
Title
The Effects of Muscle Resistance Exercise on Body Composition, IGF-1 and Myostatin 자연과학편 : 근저항 운동이 신체조성 및 IGF-1과 Myostatin에 미치는 영향
이윤서YunSeoLee , 강성훈SungHwunKang , 이성수SungSooLee
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of muscle resistance exercise on IGF-1 and myostatin in men. Subjects were recruited and divided into 2 groups. One group of subjects(n=7, year=25.30±0.89) was trained only muscle resistance exercise during 24 weeks and other group was(n=7, year=25.40±0.79) treated with control. Body composition used through Venus 5.5 and blood samples were obtained from the antecubital vein while the subjects fasted. IGF-1 measured to 125I RIA and myostatin measured to Human myostatin ELISA. Muscle resistance exercise practiced for 24 weeks, per week 3, per day 80min and exercise intensity was 80%RM. The results showed that body composition, IGF-1 and myostatin was groups and times interaction. Then, IGF-1(p<0.01) and myostatin(p<0.01) in post-hoc was changed significantly. Therefore, muscle resistance exercise during 24 weeks was decreased of myostatin, which caused of muscle hypertrophy through increased IGF-1. That effect of long than short muscle resistance on muscle growth and development.
Key Words
IGF-1, myostatin, muscle resistance exercise
The Effects of Combined Exercise on self-reliance Fitness, Insulin Resistance and Blood Pressure in Frail Elderly Women 자연과학편 : 복합운동이 허약고령여성의 자립생활체력과 인슐린 저항성 및 혈압에 미치는 영향
박상갑SangKabPark , 권유찬YooChanKwon , 김은희EunHeeKim
45(5) 369-380, 2006
Title
The Effects of Combined Exercise on self-reliance Fitness, Insulin Resistance and Blood Pressure in Frail Elderly Women 자연과학편 : 복합운동이 허약고령여성의 자립생활체력과 인슐린 저항성 및 혈압에 미치는 영향
박상갑SangKabPark , 권유찬YooChanKwon , 김은희EunHeeKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of self-reliance fitness and insulin resistance and blood pressure after 12 weeks of combined exercise. Subjects were consisted of sixteen frail elderly women who have more than 24 K-MMSE score. The combined exercise program included stretching for 10 minutes, aerobic exercise for 30 minutes and 15 minutes of resistance exercise, 15 minutes of yoga exercise. The program was conducted 4 times a week for 12 weeks. We found that no changed the body composition after 12 weeks. But self-reliance fitness, insulin resistance and blood pressure were significantly improved after combined exercise. Therefore, it might be thought that combined exercise would be a positive role for health related factors by age in frail elderly women.
A study on the isokinetic muscle strength and muscle endurance of male high school Taekwondo athletes 자연과학편 : 남자 고등학교 태권도 선수의 등속성 근력과 근지구력에 관한 연구
김원기WonKiKim , 전만중ManJoongJeon
45(5) 381-388, 2006
Title
A study on the isokinetic muscle strength and muscle endurance of male high school Taekwondo athletes 자연과학편 : 남자 고등학교 태권도 선수의 등속성 근력과 근지구력에 관한 연구
김원기WonKiKim , 전만중ManJoongJeon
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the isokinetic muscle strength, muscle endurance and hamstring/quadriceps ratio of knee joint in male high school Taekwondo athletes. In order to achive this purpose, the subjects of this study were 20 male athletes, 3times at 60˚/sec of angular velocity and 60˚/sec., using a Biodex which is an isokinetic sports equipment. Measurement variable include peak torque, peak torque % body weight, average power, average power % body weight, endurance ratio, and Hamstring/Quadriceps ratio. SPSS statistical package was used for descriptive statics and t-test in order to process data. First, there was significant difference between left and right sides for extensor of peak torque and peak torque % body weight, while there was no significant difference between left and right sides for flexor peak torque and peak torque % body weight. Second, there were no significant difference between left and right sides for extensor and flexor of average power and average power % body weight. Third, there were no significant difference between left and right sides for extensor and flexor of endurance ration. Fourth, there were no significant difference between left and right sides for hamstring/quadriceps ratio.
Effects of Exercise and Naringin Supplementation on Energy Metabolism and Antioxidative Defense System in rats 자연과학편 : 운동과 Naringin 첨가 식이가 흰쥐의 에너지 대사와 항산화 방어기전에 미치는 영향
Effects of Exercise and Naringin Supplementation on Energy Metabolism and Antioxidative Defense System in rats 자연과학편 : 운동과 Naringin 첨가 식이가 흰쥐의 에너지 대사와 항산화 방어기전에 미치는 영향
Naringin, major one of the citrus flavonoids, have been identified that exert antioxidative, antidiabetic, and lipid lowering effects. In this study, we examined the effects of treadmill exercise and 0.02% naringin supplementation for 4 weeks on liver glycogen contents, and antioxidative defense system during exercise in rats. Exercise and naringin supplementation significantly decreased blood glucose level, and increased plasma FFA levels, whereas there is no significant differences between each groups in glycogen storages of liver and muscle. Comparing antioxidative efficacy, exercise and naringin supplementation decreased soleus and quadriceps muscle MDA level and increased liver and soleus muscle SOD activity. Thus results suggest that exercise and naringin supplementation have effects in partly on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism during exercise and affecting the antioxidative defense system balance as a antioxidants.
Key Words
naringin, exercise, glycogen, antioxidant
Effects of treadmill exercise on short-term memory and neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes 자연과학편 : 트레드밀 운동이 당뇨가 유발된 생쥐의 해마 치상회에서 신경세포생성과 단기기억력에 미치는 영향
백성수SeungSooBaek , 김홍HongKim , 김창주ChangJuKim
45(5) 397-405, 2006
Title
Effects of treadmill exercise on short-term memory and neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes 자연과학편 : 트레드밀 운동이 당뇨가 유발된 생쥐의 해마 치상회에서 신경세포생성과 단기기억력에 미치는 영향
백성수SeungSooBaek , 김홍HongKim , 김창주ChangJuKim
DOI:
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorders in humans. In the present study, the effects of treadmill exercise on short-term memory and cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus were investigated via step-down avoidance task and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine(BrdU)-specific immunohistochemistry. Male IRC mice were randomly divided into the four groups: the control group, the streptozotocin(STZ)-injection group, STZ-injection with exercise treatment group, STZ-injection with insulin treatments group. Treadmill exercise was performed 30 min/day in low-intensity for 4 weeks. Single dose of 50 mg/kg BrdU per day was injected intraperitoneally 1 hr before start of exercise for 4 weeks. The mice in all of the groups were trained in a step-down avoidance task and retention time was measured on the 3 days after training session for the determination of short-term memory capability. In the present results, the STZ-injected mice showed decreased neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, wheras treadmill exercise and insulin treatment increased neurogenesis in the STZ-injected mice. The latency in the STZ-injection group was shorter than the control group. Treadmill exercise and insulin treatment significantly increased the latency of mice in the STZ-injection groups. Therefore, it can be suggested that treadmill exercise in the diabetes mellitus may enhance brain function via increasing neurogenesis.
The Relation between Muscular Endurance of Lower extremity and Incremental Treadmill Exercise Testing 자연과학편 : 점증적 운동부하검사 결과와 하지 근지구력과의 관련성
김원현WonHyunKim , 김도윤DoYounKim
45(5) 407-418, 2006
Title
The Relation between Muscular Endurance of Lower extremity and Incremental Treadmill Exercise Testing 자연과학편 : 점증적 운동부하검사 결과와 하지 근지구력과의 관련성
김원현WonHyunKim , 김도윤DoYounKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to research the relationship between GXT results and the muscular endurance of lower extremity by isokinetic exercise. For the purpose, 10 males middle running athletes attent this study. We measured muscular endurance of lower extremity and force factors by CYBEX 770 and the respiratory variables by GXT. For the production of local fatigue from subjects, we used KISS-M exercise protocol, which was composed of vertical grade, 6%. To estimate the muscular endurance of lower extremity through GXT, we analyzed correlation among the respiratory and isokinetic and RPE variables including difference between RPE and HR. As the first result, extensional endurance had more close correlation with the exercise duration(p<.05). The second, extensionally muscular endurance of lower extremity had significantly positive correlation with VO2max(p<.05). The third, after AT stage extensional endurance had significantly negative correlation between RPE-HR. We concluded that if local fatigue by the vertical grade occurred, RPE-HR might indicate the extensionally muscular endurance and power level of lower extremity after AT stage.
Effects of Lifestyle Modification on Markers of Insulin Resistance and Adiponectin in Obese Middle School Girls 자연과학편 : 생활양식 수정이 비만여중생의 인슐린저항성 지표와 아디포넥틴에 미치는 효과
Effects of Lifestyle Modification on Markers of Insulin Resistance and Adiponectin in Obese Middle School Girls 자연과학편 : 생활양식 수정이 비만여중생의 인슐린저항성 지표와 아디포넥틴에 미치는 효과
The purpose of this study was 1) to determine the effect of 12 weeks lifestyle modification on markers of insulin resistance(MIR) and adiponectin, and 2) to analyze association between the change of body composition, MIR and the change of adiponectin in obese middle school girls. Forty participants (body mass index[BMI]≥95th percentile) were randomly allocated to experimental group (EG, n=19) and control group (CG, n=21). The EG was participated in 30-60 minutes of walking exercise with 55 to 75% of maximal heart rate six days a week and 60 minutes of behaviour modification one day a week for 12 weeks. In EG, body weight, body fat mass (BFM), percent body fat (%BF), BMI, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR index were all significantly decreased after intervention (all p<.05 or more). And there were significant differences in fasting glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR between groups after intervention (all p<.05). But there was no change in adiponcetin level within group and not significant difference between groups after intervention. In addition, correlation analysis showed that the changes of BMI (r=-0.55), BFM (r=-0.48)and %BF (r=-0.57) were inversely correlated with the changes of adiponectin. In conclusion, lifestyle modification can be useful intervention for the improvement on body composition and MIR in obese adolescent girls. However there was no change in adiponectin; therefore the change of adiponectin is little associated with improvements of body composition and MIR.
Effects of Bone mineral content of oligomenorrheic women on body composition estimations 자연과학편 : 생리불순 여성의 골 무기질 함량이 신체조성 추정 공식에 미치는 영향
이남주NamJuLee , 김도연DoYeonKim
45(5) 429-437, 2006
Title
Effects of Bone mineral content of oligomenorrheic women on body composition estimations 자연과학편 : 생리불순 여성의 골 무기질 함량이 신체조성 추정 공식에 미치는 영향
이남주NamJuLee , 김도연DoYeonKim
DOI:
Abstract
Newmerous studies found that women who participate in endurance type sports or in sports have low body fat (BF). Acurate body composition estimations are particulary important for this population. The purpose of this study was to determine if there would be a significant difference in body composition estimations between the two component and three component models when bone mineral content (BMC) is incorporated into the equation for this particular population. A One-Way Analysis of Variance with Repeated Measures was used to compare the results between the Siri, Lohman, and Lohman bone mineral density formula. The ANOVA with repeated measures showed no significant difference among the models, F (2, 18) = 2.87, p = .08 (f=0.56 and power =0.99). BMC of oligomenorrheic women showed no significant difference between 2 and 3 component models. In this study, BMC relative to FFB was 6.012+0.6%. This value falls below the estimate proposed by Lohman, 6.8+0.9%, to meet the 95% confidence interval for a given population for accurate body composition measurements.
Key Words
BMC, bone mineral content, body composition, BF, body fat
The stability test of joint rotational angles estimated by Euler parameters 자연과학편 : 오일러 파라미터(Euler parameters)를 이용한 관절회전각도 추정의 안정성
김진욱JinUkKim
45(5) 439-447, 2006
Title
The stability test of joint rotational angles estimated by Euler parameters 자연과학편 : 오일러 파라미터(Euler parameters)를 이용한 관절회전각도 추정의 안정성
김진욱JinUkKim
DOI:
Abstract
There are many methods for describing the human joint motion having more than one rotational degree of freedom in biomechanics, which are the formulae for direction cosines, Euler angles, and helical axis. Based on these methods, many numerical algorithms also have been developed in order to acquire more valid joint kinematical descriptions. The purpose of this study is to verify and validate the possibilities of describing human joint and numerical stability by Euler parameters. For this study, three types of given rotational motion, which are one axis dominant motion of the three sequential rotational movements, were used to analyze the Euler parameters and Gauss random noise with standard deviation 0.01 were added to four artificial marker coordinates. After performing three kinds of simulations for 1000 repetition, validity and stability test were examined. For flexion/extension dominant motion, three Euler angles were well estimated, whereas the other two types of motion estimated Euler angles insufficiently. These results seems to highly relate to marker distribution.
The Effect of the Aqua-Rehabilitation Program on the Stroke Patient`s Gait Patterns 자연과학편 : 수중재활운동 프로그램이 뇌졸중 환자의 보행 특성에 미치는 효과
김기운KiUnKim , 김호묵HoMookKim , 우상연SangYeonWoo
45(5) 449-455, 2006
Title
The Effect of the Aqua-Rehabilitation Program on the Stroke Patient`s Gait Patterns 자연과학편 : 수중재활운동 프로그램이 뇌졸중 환자의 보행 특성에 미치는 효과
김기운KiUnKim , 김호묵HoMookKim , 우상연SangYeonWoo
DOI:
Abstract
This study analyzed the effect of a BK Aquatic Protocol(aqua-rehabilitation program) on gait patterns of stroke patients. Seven male patients were participated in this study. They were exercised three times a week for 12 weeks. Each exercise lasted 50 minutes. After that the BK Aqua Protocol(as the motor skills improved, the graded exercise program appropriately changed) was followed. To analyze the data four digital camcoders were used to obtain the kinematics of the patients' gait before and after participation in the aqua-rehabilitation program. Paired sample t-tests were performed to analyze differences between pre-and post tests(p<.05). Several positive kinematic changes were occurred in the gait patterns of the stroke patients from pre-to post test in association with the intervention of the aqua-rehabilitation program. In conclusion, it shows that Aqua-Rehabilitation Program can improve the Stroke Patient's Gait Patterns.
Comparisons of frequency domain characteristics of ground reaction forces during walking of young and elderly males 자연과학편 : 노인 보행 시 지면 반력 신호의 주파수 크기와 Variability 비교
류지선JiSeonRyu
45(5) 457-464, 2006
Title
Comparisons of frequency domain characteristics of ground reaction forces during walking of young and elderly males 자연과학편 : 노인 보행 시 지면 반력 신호의 주파수 크기와 Variability 비교
류지선JiSeonRyu
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the magnitude of frequency of the ground reaction forces, which collected from vertical, antetrio-posterior and medio-lateral directions during walking at self-selected speed, and its variability between the young males and the elderly. FFT(fast Fourier Transform) was used to analyze the frequency domain analysis of the ground reaction forces's signals and an accumulated PSD(power spectrum densitty) was calculated to reconstruct the certain signals. To examine the local stability within and between the two groups during walking, values of variability were determined in a coefficient of varience. The frequency domain and variability analysis revealed that young group showed significantly larger magnitude of frequency in vertical and anterio-posterior signals. The elderly exhibited significantly greater variability for all frequencies of the ground reaction forces that have used to evaluate the local stability during locomotion within the group and same between the groups with the exception of medio-lateral variability. In summary, the signal of ground reaction force's variabilities were greater in the within- and between-elder group during walking.
Key Words
FFT, PSD, variability, ground reaction force
The kinematic analysis of three strides for interval phase between the fourth and the fifth hurdle in the 110m high hurdles run 자연과학편 : 110m 허들 선수들의 4-5허들 인터벌구간의 세 스트라이드 동작에 대한 운동학적 분석
류재균JaeKyunRyu , 이정호JungHoLee , 김혜영HyeYoungKim
45(5) 465-472, 2006
Title
The kinematic analysis of three strides for interval phase between the fourth and the fifth hurdle in the 110m high hurdles run 자연과학편 : 110m 허들 선수들의 4-5허들 인터벌구간의 세 스트라이드 동작에 대한 운동학적 분석
류재균JaeKyunRyu , 이정호JungHoLee , 김혜영HyeYoungKim
DOI:
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze individual techniques among athletes and provide scientific data to coaches and athletes by finding relative influence of the determinants of step length and rate. The video data were collected by using 4 JVC video cameras. The video capture volume was 18meters long, 2meters high and 1meter wide and was centered 45meters from the sprint start line. The human body was modeled as 14 rigid segments articulating at joints with fixed centers of rotation. Sprint velocity, step length, step rate and body tilting angle were calculated. This study showed that A, B, and C athletes recorded 1.41meters, 1.38meters, and 1.51meters respectively in first stride. C athlete showed increased frequency from 3.53 sec-1 to 4.61 sec-1. Horizontal velocities of center of mass in A and B athletes were reduced after landing from hurdles but the velocities were increased between first and third step. All athletes had similar supporting and spending time between hurdles. In conclusion, the high step rate between hurdles and the minimized vertical velocity in last third stride were required in order to improve horizontal velocity.
Key Words
step Length, step rate, frequency, body tilting angle
The consistency of an elite archer`s shooting movement for improving his performance 자연과학편 : 엘리트 양궁 선수의 경기력 향상을 위한 슈팅 동작의 일관성 연구
김혜영HyeYoungKim , 김진호JinHoKim
45(5) 473-483, 2006
Title
The consistency of an elite archer`s shooting movement for improving his performance 자연과학편 : 엘리트 양궁 선수의 경기력 향상을 위한 슈팅 동작의 일관성 연구
김혜영HyeYoungKim , 김진호JinHoKim
DOI:
Abstract
The consistency of an archer's postural set from set up to follow through is recognized to be an important determinant of performance. The configuration of the archer's head, bow and elbow is leading to the release. The co-ordinates of three markers are linked to form a series of triangles tracing out the pattern of movement and showing the stable location of the bow during aiming. The elite archer who won a gold medal in men's group of 2004 Athens Olympic Game shot four ends of three arrows under defined standard competitive conditions. There may not be the consistency of reaction times of clicker sound. It is concluded that, at the highest performance level, the center of mass of the archer during set up motion should be based on a stable and consistency posture horizontally, and the holding times need to maintain a constant for accurate shooting.
Key Words
archery, consistency, shooting
History-dependent properties of force production in skeletal muscles: Review 자연과학편 : 선행 근수축이 항정상태 최대 등척성 근력에 미치는 영향: 총설
이해동HaeDongLee
45(5) 485-494, 2006
Title
History-dependent properties of force production in skeletal muscles: Review 자연과학편 : 선행 근수축이 항정상태 최대 등척성 근력에 미치는 영향: 총설
이해동HaeDongLee
DOI:
Abstract
The steady-state isometric force following lengthening of a muscle is greater and following shortening is smaller than the force for a purely isometric contraction at the corresponding muscle length (Abbott & Aubert, 1952). These two phenomena have been well accepted in the scientific community for more than a half century. Despite general acceptance of history-dependent properties of muscle force production, the mechanism(s) underlying this phenomena is unknown. The purpose of this manuscript is to review experimental observations and the proposed mechanisms underlying history-dependent properties of muscle force production and therefore, to provide stimulus for further investigations of unresolved topic in muscle mechanics.
Key Words
skeletal muscle, muscle contraction, mechanism of muscle contraction, muscle force production, concentric contraction, eccentric contraction, isometric contraction
The Kinetic Analysis for Coaching Methods Through Yurchenko`s 720 Degree Twist Technique with Stretched Body 자연과학편 : 도마운동 Yurchenko 몸 펴 720도 비틀기 기술의 코칭을 위한 운동학적 분석
여홍철HongChulYeo
45(5) 495-505, 2006
Title
The Kinetic Analysis for Coaching Methods Through Yurchenko`s 720 Degree Twist Technique with Stretched Body 자연과학편 : 도마운동 Yurchenko 몸 펴 720도 비틀기 기술의 코칭을 위한 운동학적 분석
여홍철HongChulYeo
DOI:
Abstract
The subjects with high scores took longer time than the subjects with low scores on the Yurchenko's 720 degree twist with stretched body. The high scored subjects' horizontal velocities were decreased at the time of stepping, and increased at the time of leaving on the vaulting board. The subjects with high scores maintained small hip joint angles and straightened elbow joints at the time of leaving the vaulting board, showed shorter times of contact with the vaulting board, and had faster horizontal velocities. Even though all subjects had bended elbow joint, the lower scored subjects had smaller angles of elbow joint. The high scored subjects had faster body vertical velocity but had lower vertical height. The higher scored subjects had longer duration of flight times during the second jump, had higher vertical heights and had slower horizontal velocities.
